When reporting the exercise variables in resistance training protocols, sports scientists and practitioners often refer to the load lifted and the total number of repetitions. Manipulating resistance training variables is crucial to plan the induced stimuli correctly.
With regard to untrained individuals, it seems that short to moderate RIs (60–120 s) are sufficient for maximizing muscular strength gains. The current literature shows that robust gains in muscular strength can be achieved even with short RIs ( 2 min) are required to maximize strength gains in resistance-trained individuals. All studies were classified as being of good to moderate methodological quality none of the studies were of poor methodological quality. Twenty-three studies comprising a total of 491 participants (413 males and 78 females) were found to meet the inclusion criteria. Methodological quality of the studies was evaluated using a modified version of the Downs and Black checklist. The review was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines with a literature search encompassing five databases. The goals of this systematic literature review are: (i) to aggregate findings and interpret the studies that assessed chronic muscular strength adaptations to resistance training interventions involving different RI durations, and (ii) to provide evidence-based recommendations for exercise practitioners and athletes. Recommendations for optimal RI duration for gains in muscular strength are largely inferred from studies examining the acute resistance training effects, and the generalizability of such findings to chronic adaptations is uncertain.
Rest interval (RI) duration is an important resistance-training variable underlying gain in muscular strength.
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